Cerium oxide serves as a widely employed material in various applications. Its unique chemical and physical properties contribute to its flexibility. For instance, cerium oxide is commonly used in catalytic converters to decrease harmful emissions from vehicles. Moreover, it finds application in the manufacturing of ceramics due to its high refract

Innovation is the lifeblood that drives advancement in our ever-evolving world. It's the science of creating novel solutions that have the capacity to transform industries, improve lives, and solve some of humanity's most urgent challenges. From groundbreaking discoveries to innovative solutions, innovation fuels us to overcome boundaries and aspi

Sputtering is a widespread technique utilized in the fabrication of advanced thin films. Titanium (Ti) sputtering, specifically, has emerged as a favorable method due to its ability to deposit high-quality Ti thin films with controlled thickness and composition. The process involves bombarding a Ti target with energetic ions, ejecting atoms that th